Peas have valuable properties that have a beneficial effect on the body. therefore culture is grown in almost every garden. Despite the simplicity in the care to get a good harvest is not always possible. This article reveals the basic rules of agricultural engineering, which need to take into account novice gardeners, namely how to prepare the seeds, whether to germinate and when planted.
Table of contents
Terms for sowing peas in Ukraine, Moscow region, in the Urals and in Siberia
Peas belong to cold-resistant plants, young shoots withstand night frosts to minus 5-6 ° C. But this fact does not mean that you can start sowing in March. Resistance to cold short, the escape will not develop at low temperatures. Therefore, you need to wait for the time when the nightly figures will not fall below the mark of 5-8 ° C.
When is it better to plant peas at home? There is no specific time for sowing seeds, but many gardeners are guided by the lunar calendar and weather conditions. In Ukraine and Moscow, planting in the open ground begins in late April - early May, when the soil still retains moisture accumulated during the winter. In the Urals and Siberia, time shifts by 10-15 days, depending on climatic conditions. But anyway experts recommend to complete the sowing of legumes before the end of May. The plant develops better, blossoms and bears fruit in the period of a long day's light.
Seed preparation before planting at home
Seed germination directly depends on the correctness of their preparation for planting. First, peas should be calibrated. - select from the total number quality specimens, on which there are no traces of damage, black spots and other defects. The spoiled seed will not produce healthy shoots, and weak sprouts are subject to disease and pest attack in the first place.
Further preparation depends on the chosen seeding method. There are only two of them: dry and with pre-soaking. Seedlings plant peas and beans is not accepted.
Stages of seed preparation for planting:
- soak in a solution of boric acid (1 g. of powder per 5 liters of water heated to 40 °) for 5-8 minutes;
- removal of excess moisture dry cloth;
- drying for 1-2 hours at room temperature;
- landing.
With the dry method, it is important to pre-water the groove and cover the garden bed with a film to create the greenhouse effect. This speeds up the germination process of the shoots.
As a preparation of peas for seeding, you can use the old old-fashioned way. To do this, the seeds for 1-2 days are immersed in a container with warm water (soaked), previously wrapped in a cotton napkin. For swelling and germination will require compliance with the temperature regime of at least 20-23 °. As the fabric dries, it is wetted. Seeds can germinate in 3-5 days.
In order not to worry about the timing of germination, you can process the seed in the growth promoter. How much to soak the seeds? In this solution, it is enough to soak the planting material for 2 hours, putting it on a home balcony or window sill.
Preparation of beds and proper cultivation
It is necessary to begin preparation of a bed from a choice of a place at the dacha or a personal plot. Preference should be given to well-lit areas on a hill.. The roots of the plant penetrate deep into the soil, with a high level of groundwater occurrence there is a danger of their rotting. Therefore, flooded land is not suitable for planting legumes. Where better to plant peas?
It is not recommended to organize a pea plant where perennial grasses, leguminous crops, which can cause disease or pest invasion, grow.
What kind of soil does pea like? Ideal soils for peas are non-acidic loams and light sandy loams.. Also chernozems, domesticated sod-podzolic and other types of soil are suitable. Sour, salty and raw are excluded. If acidification is observed at the site, then the introduction of dolomite flour or chopped lime will help to neutralize the environment.
Experienced gardeners advise that when preparing the beds it is good to fertilize the soil, so that with intensive development the plant does not feel a deficiency of nutrients. However, feeding it is not worth it, you can provoke a buildup of green mass. Even in the autumn during digging injected organic (compost, humus, rotted manure).In the spring, when preparing the site, the soil is enriched with potassium (30 g.) And double superphosphate (20 g.) Per 1 m2.
The scheme of planting in the open ground at the cottage
When choosing a planting scheme, you need to focus on the characteristics of the bush of an adult plant. If it is undersized and medium grown crops, then the bed is planned with the following parameters:
- interrow spacing - 15-20 cm;
- spacing between seeds - 5-6 cm;
- immersion depth - 3-5 cm (if you make the powder by 1-2 cm, then the risk of peas being eaten by birds).
For tall plants (at a height of over 80 cm) it is recommended to apply the scheme: 30x10 cm in two rows with an interval of 50 cm between rows.
The process itself involves sowing seeds into prepared grooves, followed by falling asleep soil. Before you put seeds into the ground, you need to generously pour it with warm water. The first shoots will appear after a week and a half after sowing. For tall bushes it's time build support. It will not be good to bear fruit spreading on the ground.
Summarizing the above information, we can conclude that with the correct selection of varieties and compliance with the requirements of cultivation, a good harvest of peas is ensured. The main mandatory tasks: to feed the soil, prepare the beds, germinate and sow the seeds, care for the seedlings - a good harvest is ensured.The generous gifts of nature are suitable for both fresh consumption and preparations for the winter. Fruits retain their valuable qualities even when frozen.