Onions - this is one of the first plants that people began to grow. He has about four thousand years since the reclamation and the beginning of cultivation.
No world cuisine can be imagined without this vegetable, because most dishes without its use seem bland and tasteless. There are a lot of varieties of bulb onion, and each has found its fans.
Each gardener has his own secrets for the good ripening of onions in the garden, but the most important thing is to adhere to the correct technology of agricultural technology, to get a big harvest, whether it be planted in the ridge or from seeds.
Table of contents
Basic requirements for growing onion seedlings
Not the most fastidious plant is considered cold resistant, grows well in temperatures of twelve to sixteen degrees of heat, the seeds germinate even at five degrees in the cold season. Sharp varieties tolerate frosts better, sweet varieties can die at open degrees at several degrees of frost.
Bow responds well to watering in the early stages of growth, in the future it needs dry soil in order to mature better. He needs more sunlight. Despite its small mass, onions require special attention to the soil composition. The soil on the garden should be quite loose and nutritious.
Weeding beds must be carried out regularly, as the culture does not tolerate proximity to weeds.
The right decision is to organize the onion beds and plant the vegetable in the places where they grew before. cucumbers, cabbage, tomatoes or potatoes. These are the vegetables for which organic matter is added to the soil.
It is not recommended to plant onions in the place where they were grown in the past year. Best of all, if you return to this site in five years.
The increased acidity of the soil is harmful to the plant, since it absorbs the nutrients worse and may be affected by downy powdery mildew.
Before planting bow does not tolerate liming of soil compositionIt is recommended to apply wood ash.
How to grow large and good bulbs in the open field
The most commonly used one of the five options - sevok, seeds, seedlings, vegetative method, Chinese.
Chinese way - how to plant technology in the ridges
This option may help increase yield. The main feature is the landing of onions on the ridges, and not in the beds themselves.Heads grown in this way are distinguished by flat shapes and large sizes. The tops of the vegetable are well lit by sunlight, warm up, from this onion gets good protection from exposure to rot.
It should be added that it is better to loosen and water such beds, to remove weeds from them.
It is possible to sow at air temperature equal to 5 degrees. Planting material must be sorted out, smaller bulbs are allowed to be planted as the soil warms up. Larger ones should be held by May. Such a measure will give you the opportunity to harvest at one time.
After a bulkhead sevok a couple of weeks before landing warms up. To do this, it is placed in a box and placed near the battery.
It is mandatory for each onion carefully trimmed tail, removed excess scales. If you have damaged the growth neck, you can put the material aside. It is no longer suitable for landing.
The soil for planting must be prepared in the fall.A spoon of superphosphate, a teaspoon of nitroammofosca, and two of dolomite flour are added to each square of the plot. In the spring, the bed must be re-dig, you can add a little manure, just not too fresh.
Combs are arranged, the height of which should be about fifteen centimeters, the interval between them is up to thirty. Sevok planted ten centimeters at a depth of three centimeters. Seeds should not be trampled, it would be better to sprinkle them lightly with earth.
In the first month of growth, if the weather is dry, the onions should be watered twice. But this is the case if it still rains between the irrigations.
You can feed three times. In mid-May, a mullein is added. In June, it is the turn of potash salt, urea and phosphate fertilizers. The third time it is necessary to fertilize at the moment when the onion begins to form.
The peculiarity of the Chinese method lies in the fact that weed beds must be as weeds growthat happens quite rarely.
Copper sulphate is used as a protective measure against powdery mildew.
Method of planting and sowing seeds into the soil
This method of planting is recommended for the north-western regions and Belarus, when the onion is not able to fully mature, which reduces its shelf life.
In mid-spring, the seed is calibrated, more than large specimens. After sowing "dry" the first shoots will appear in three weeks. In order to give acceleration to the process, you can soak the seeds in potassium permanganate, and after a day, scatter on the fabric and leave it alone so that they can open. But it is necessary to observe that the planting material remains sufficiently moist.
Furrows do in the distance twenty centimeters. One gram of seed is enough for two meters of sowing, planting depth - up to three centimeters. For convenience, you can mix the seeds with sand, sprinkle the grooves after planting with dry earth.
When planted in the garden
Landing time depends on weather conditions. If warm weather has set in spring, then sowing can be done in the last days of April. Otherwise you will have to wait until the earth warms up.
Sevok lands in the first may decade. Residents of the north-western regions can orient themselves when planting onions in the flowering of the bird cherry tree.
For sub-winter sowing, beds are prepared in autumn. Landing is carried out in the second half of Novemberuntil frost.
Secrets of the right agrotechnology
It should not be allowed to form a crust or weed grass on the soil surface. To this end, the beds must more often loosen to a depth of five centimeters. Weed vegetation is best removed in the initial phase of growth, when the seedlings are still reddish.
It must be remembered that the bow loves to show off. When the turnip begins to form, it is necessary open to third, freeing the hanger. This technique helps the bulb to form well and fully mature.
Harvesting turnip and feathers and their storage
As soon as new feathers ceased to appear, and the bow acquired a characteristic shade, it can be removed. As a rule, it falls on mid-August - early September. If you skip the time of harvest, the vegetable will start growing again and will be of little use for storage.
The collected bulbs are washed, cleaned of husks and dry feathers, cut the roots. To dry it laid out in a single layer in the room, which is well ventilated. After a few weeks, new flakes of golden hue appear on the bulbs.This means that the vegetable is ready for long-term storage.
As a rule, gardeners prefer cultivation of onion with a sevka, buying it in special stores. It can be planted in the winter, after preparing the garden bed.
But if you follow all the recommendations, then in the Chinese way you can get a good harvest of this beautiful vegetable.
I did not know that there is a way to plant onions in the combs. The article calculated that the harvest could be better. Next year I will definitely try.