Instructions for use fertilizer Superphosphate
 The use of superphosphate as a fertilizer

Nutrients are necessary for normal vegetation of fruit and ornamental crops. One of the main ones is phosphorus. Academician A.E. Fersman in his scientific work equated a microcell with the biogenic mechanism of life and thought. However, in nature, the substance practically does not occur in a free form, therefore mineral fertilizers, for example, superphosphate, are used to enrich the soil. Before using it, it is imperative that you read the instructions.

Composition and purpose of fertilizer superphosphate

Superphosphate is familiar to almost all gardeners and gardeners. Many have observed a picture at the site when the plants started to wither. One of the ways of resuscitation is the timely introduction of the nutrient mixture.

Besides phosphorus The complex includes other mineral additives:

  • magnesium;
  • calcium;
  • sulfur;
  • fluorine;
  • manganese;
  • silica;
  • iron and other substances.

Superphosphate has on plant growth and development. beneficial effect:

  • improves metabolism;
  • contributes to the development and strengthening of the root system;
  • accelerates the flowering and fruiting period;
  • improves the quality and quantity of the crop.
 Superphosphate can be applied at all stages of plant development.
Superphosphate can be applied at all stages of plant development.

In general, mineral fertilizers increase the immunity of culture, thereby increasing resistance to various diseases and attacks of insects. Application of the tool is not limited to the pre-sowing enrichment of the soil with nutrients. The composition is also used as dressings.

Superphosphate is suitable for any type of soil, however, the highest efficiency is observed on alkaline and neutral soils.

When making funds in the ground with an acidic medium, it is recommended to mix the product with limestone, phosphate rock, chalk.

Kinds

Superphosphate is available in several varieties, which simplifies the use of fertilizer for certain crops. A distinctive feature of the compositions is, above all, the amount of phosphorus and the addition of other trace elements.

Monophosphate

A simple variety of mineral fertilizers contains:

  • phosphorus - 10-20%;
  • nitrogen - about 8%;
  • sulfur - up to 10% and other substances.

The product is a simple gray powder with a strong smell of acid. Properties and quality retains a long time at a humidity not exceeding the average.

Recommended tool for enrichment of composts, the introduction of fertilizing. In terms of efficiency, it loses to double superphosphate and granulated, but, unlike them, it has the ability to dissolve in water.

 Monophosphate
Monophosphate

Granulated

The raw material for the manufacture of granulated product is monophosphate. In the production process, it is moistened, run under a press, and then rolled up in the form of granules. At the same time the indicator of phosphorus increases up to 50%calcium sulphate - up to 30%.

The advantage of granular agent is in more convenient use and long action trace elements. This is due to the slow dissolution of the granules in a wet environment, thereby increasing the efficiency of feeding.

The granular type of fertilizer is recommended for legumes, bulbous, cruciferous, cereals.

Double superphosphate

The tool contains 43-46% phosphorus in easily digestible form for the plant. Mono-magnesium sulfate, aluminum and iron phosphates, and calcium sulfate are also present in small amounts. The product is used to enrich any type of soil, which is introduced when growing different plants.

 Double superphosphate
Double superphosphate
Double superphosphate is introduced into the soil during digging in autumn or early spring.Feature of the tool is considered to be a high nitrogen content (up to 20%) and a slight addition of sulfur (up to 6%).

Ammoniated

Ammoniated superphosphate is recommended for crops whose development requires an increased amount of sulfur and calcium sulfate. In the tool, these figures are increased up to 12% and 55%.

Fertilizer is well dissolved in water. Recommended for oilseeds, cruciferous and other plants.

There are other varieties that are enriched with boron, magnesium, molybdenum and other trace elements useful for plants.

Advantages and disadvantages of using compared with other means

In order to form an opinion about superphosphate and its qualities, it is recommended to get acquainted with the preferential characteristics.

The main ones include:

  • security for human and plant health;
  • the ability to dissolve top dressing in water, which eliminates clogging of the soil;
  • affordable priceconvenient packaging;
  • convenient application taking into account the choice of a more suitable type;
  • provides the necessary supply of trace elements necessary for the development and growth of crops.
 One of the advantages of superphosphate is the price and different packaging options.
One of the advantages of superphosphate is the price and different packaging options.

When using superphosphate it is worth considering its disadvantages:

  • with improper use can acidify or salt the soil;
  • give quick effect, but soon the soil is exhausted again;
  • an excess amount of the product has a negative effect on vegetation.

Instructions for use

Before using superphosphate it is necessary check soil acidity, if necessary, to deoxidize dolomite flour or lime. It is recommended to use fertilizer after preventive measures in a month, otherwise the nutrient mixture will lose its nutritional value.

The dosage of the drug to make different cultures

Each culture needs phosphorus, but in a certain amount, so it is important to know the dosage for each species in the garden.

Potatoes

Phosphates are used during the autumn or spring preparatory work. The granulated form of release of fertilizers is considered more effective.

Granules are added to each well. 3-4 grams. You can also make a scatter on the ground at the rate of 20 gr. on 1 m2.

Tomatoes

A bed for tomatoes is prepared in a similar way: superphosphate is scattered over the soil or introduced intothe hole. Dose is 15-20 gr. on 1 m2.

Pumpkin crops

 For pumpkin using a solution of double superphosphate
For pumpkin using a solution of double superphosphate

When fertilizing the soil before planting the land is enriched with minerals at the rate of 30 gr. on 1 m2. At the stage of active development of young shoots use double superphosphate, which is pre-diluted in water. The solution should not get into the green during processing.

Trees and berry plants

For spring feeding prepare a solution 15-20 gr. funds for a bucket of water. Under each bush pour about 6 liters of fluid. It is also allowed to apply fertilizer in a dry form at the rate of 1-2 tablespoons per unit.

Strawberry

To prepare the solution, superphosphate is taken, and water is in equal proportions and liquid is added between the rows. In autumn or early spring, you can add a mixture of humus or an infusion on bird droppings.

Dosage is: 60 gr. mineral complex 5 kg humus, 15 gr. potassium salt per 1 m2.

Preparation of working solution

Most gardeners make fertilizer together with watering. So the tool works faster, and therefore more efficient. Phosphorus fertilizers are considered water soluble, but when using cold water, the active substances disintegrate poorly. Therefore, to prepare the working solution take hot water.

 To dissolve superphosphate need to use hot water.
To dissolve superphosphate need to use hot water.

Exists 2 ways of breeding: the first one involves pouring powder or granules with boiling water, the second one - with slightly warm water and then installing the tank in a sunny place. High temperatures do not change the chemical composition of the fertilizer.

For the preparation of concentrated liquid 300 gr. funds pour 3 liters of boiling water and insist with periodic stirring. It should be noted that all crystallites do not dissolve, but visually decrease in size.

Concentrate (100 ml) before fertilizing the soil is diluted in a bucket of water. When conducting spring dressings, wood ash (500 gr.) And nitrogen substances (20 mg) can be added to the solution.

Terms and methods of treatment of plants with the drug

Superphosphate can be used several times per season:

  • during the preparatory work (fall or spring);
  • for feeding seedlings;
  • 2 weeks after transplanting;
  • in case of yellowing leaves on young shoots.
 Superphosphate can be made if the young leaves began to turn yellow
Superphosphate can be made if the young leaves began to turn yellow

It is better to apply fertilizer at the stage of soil preparation dry using a planter or manually.For dressings choose the liquid form (solution). It is poured at the root of plants.

During the season the mineral complex is used thrice:

  • in the formation phase of 1-3 leaves;
  • 15-21 days after the first feeding;
  • 20-25 days after the 2nd procedure.

Security measures when working with the tool

Subject to the rules of storage superphosphate not fire and explosive. While using the fertilizer, it is forbidden to smoke, consume food or water. Hands and other exposed skin should be washed well with soap after work.

If a little working solution gets into the eyes or on the skin, you need to immediately wash the affected area under running water. The container in which the solution was diluted is thoroughly cleaned with the use of detergents.

Store superphosphate in an inaccessible place for children and animals.

Compatibility with other drugs

The highest efficiency superphosphate shows when applying on neutral soils (pH indicator 6.2-7.5). If the acidity is increased, then you need to supplement the fertilizer with dolomite flour or lime. These components do not interfere with each other's actions.

 With increased acidity of the soil before superphosphate contribute dolomite flour
With increased acidity of the soil before superphosphate contribute dolomite flour

In determining the companion for the phosphorus composition takes into account the type of product:

  • monophosphate is well combined with nitrogenous substances;
  • granulated and double species complement potash tukam.

Combine mineral complex permitted with organic matter: chicken droppings, humus, compost.

It is impossible use superphosphate together with ammonium nitrate, urea, chalk. The interval between the introduction of these substances should be not less than a week.

Storage conditions and shelf life

A heated room is more suitable for storing fertilizers, where a stable temperature regime is established. In dilapidated utility rooms, there are not only temperature jumps, but also increased humidity, which stops the agent in the mess. Optimal rate must not exceed 50%.

Open bags should be sealed in a sealed container or poured into a container with a retaining lid. Prepared solutions are used immediately or disposed of.

 The main indicator of the quality of superphosphate is the appearance
The main indicator of the quality of superphosphate is the appearance
The shelf life of phosphate fertilizers is not limited to a certain period.

The main indicator of the quality of the product is its appearance, which should not differ from what the powder or granules were after the opening of the new pack.

Mineral fertilizers benefit only if used correctly. Therefore, before enriching the soil in the beds with nutrient mixture, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the instructions and advice of experienced gardeners.