Duck meat is and remains a source of balanced complexes of vitamins of group B and trace elements. In ancient Chinese medicine, he was credited with actions similar to the effect of "Viagra."
Modern studies of the content of amino acids in the product confirms and justifies this phenomenon. The rapid achievement of maximum weight in a short time, a high percentage of yield of highly nutritious, tender and juicy meat, good fluff and large fatty liver are the reasons for the frequent choice of ducks for divorce in small farms and large farms.
The duck of the Bashkir breed, which was bred as a result of the method of combined breeding of the Peking breed, in Bashkiria, at the Blagovarsky breeding plant, is of great value.Since 2001, it has become the subject of desire of a small summer resident and a large manufacturer. Below is a detailed description of the breed.
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Breed description
Outstanding chest. Build strong and muscular. Paws, large size, widely spaced, short leg. The head is flattened on the upper side. The neck is short, concave, bent outward.
Wide concave beak with brightly defined plates and a wide “marigold”, growth, used by a duck to grab grass. The wings are tight enough to the body.
Characteristic of flying birds, well developed and long keel. There is a white and colored species of the breed.
The plumage of the bird was the primary factor in isolating it from the general stream during breeding. The color of the pen is as close as possible to the color of individuals from the wild nature and experts could not miss it. Brown plumage of representatives of this breed, allows to determine the sex of daily ducklings.
The feather brightens from the back to the stomach. Beak and legs are bright orange.
- In the paws of a duck there are no nerve endings and blood vessels, due to which ducks can easily move through the snow and ice.
- Untreated duck feathers of this breed impossible to wet water, even a few years.
- Drake can't quack. The quacking of ducks does not have an echo.
- Short duck neck has more vertebrae than giraffe.
The temperament of this breed allows to achieve high results in weight and stable egg production in various growing conditions. In the forums, the results from private farms did not depend on cellular, driven, or combined with grazing.
The market is always ready to offer for the private owners of daily ducklings of the Bashkir breed, and this fact proves the simplicity and expediency of the development of these ducks at home.
High resistance to infectious diseases, high reproduction and low, reasonable spending during rearing have become the key to the constant selection of these birds by domestic poultry farms.
Characteristics of Bashkir
Reaching adulthood, the drake of this breed gains about 4 kg., And duck 3.7 kg. At the same time, there is practically no fat in the carcass (fat content at a reduced level of 1.8-3.9%).
The tenderness of meat according to taste characteristics are comparable to the best broiler breeds. The lack of a specific smell makes this meat a leader in sales in the markets and supermarket chains.
- Presence of double content vitamin A in duck meat, in relation to other types of meat, makes it an indispensable component of the menu of people suffering from skin diseases and vision problems.
- Fat contains Omega 6 and Omega 3 essential oils, which is comparable to olive oil.
- Allergic people Not recommended include duck meat and eggs in your diet.
Bashkir ducks are meat-breeding species. Egg production largely depends on the variety. So Bashkir khaki in 280 days of the reproductive period can produce up to 217 eggs.
With the color "black white-breasted", for the same period, it is able to lay 11 eggs more.These figures are approximate and can vary depending on external factors, diet, number of livestock, weather conditions. The egg is not large, weighing 70-80 grams. When laying in the incubator, you can count on a brood of 8 ducklings from 10 eggs.
- Duck eggs have high calorie - in 100 grams of raw eggs 185 kcal. Excess weight is a contraindication for the intake of this product.
- Tall risk of infection Salmonella does not allow you to take raw eggs.
- According to the recommendations of pediatricians do not include them in the diet children under 6 years old.
- In cosmetology is used as a component masks for splitting and falling hair. Protein is suitable for oily skin, providing a drying effect. And for combination skin, use the whole egg.
Feeding Bashkir Duck
Nutritional norms for breeding poultry at different stages of growing are varied and selected individually, the amount varies between 2.6 and 3.0 kilograms of feed per kilogram of growth with the gradual introduction of green and succulent feeds in the amount of 1.5-2 kilograms per kilogram of growth. Based on these figures, you can calculate the amount of feed per egg.
Talking about the diet of ducks, do not forget about the mandatory availability of water near the feeders during their meal and free access during the entire time of wakefulness. Avoid turbidity or stagnation of water. Change the water as often as possible and spending on the vet will be reduced to a minimum.
- One adult uses order 2 liters of water in a day.
- Ducks have the shortest digestion cycle food among domestic birds. The reason for this is a short intestine and a very fast metabolism.
Breeding at home
The decision to breed a duck of the Bashkir breed will immediately ask you how to do this. Incubation method or using a hen?
In the case of choosing the incubation method, to obtain a brood, it is important to observe the following rules:
- Take only fresh eggs for the bookmark (up to 5 days, at a temperature of 8-13 degrees, turning 3-4 times a day), not having visible defects, cracks and chips.Ellipse eggs correct, without concave and curved sections.
- Before you bookmark produce disinfection weak solution of potassium permanganate.
- 7 days the temperature in the incubator 38-38,20C at a humidity of 70%. Egg flipping 4 times a day.
- 8 to 15 day increase air exchange in the cavity of the incubator and reduce the temperature to 37.80 ° C. Humidity 60%. We turn over 4-6 times a day.
- From 15 to 25 days the period is identical to the previous one, but we add here egg cooling 15-20 minutes two times a day. This is due to the processes inside the egg, when the temperature inside can rise above 400C.
- From 25-28 day - hatching ducklings. Given the considerable thickness of the shell, you can help ducklings by increasing the humidity to 85-90% and air flow. This will soften the shell. Do not forget to turn all the eggs.
Compliance with these simple rules will allow us to expect, practically, a simultaneous brood of birds. Within a few hours, the youngsters react to noise, light and stand firmly on their feet.
Growing secrets
After the birth of ducklings, together with the hen, you need to move to a designated place with special conditions for temperature and lighting. The litter, the first 5 days, in this place should keep warm, the temperature in 300C will help to adapt to new conditions.
As they reach 3 weeks of age, the air is gradually cooled to 220C, and by 4 weeks it is equalized at the level of 18-200C. The indicator of the correctly chosen mode is ducklings behavior. Inactivity and torsion signals about hypothermia ducklings.
Open beak, lowered wings, sluggish reaction to food and increased water consumption indicate the need to reduce the temperature.
The first 7 days provide round-the-clock coverage for ducklings. Starting next week, every day, the duration is reduced by 1 hour, bringing to the rate of 9 hours per day. So light day is acceptable until the end of rearing.
The intensity of the light near the feeder, at the beginning, is 40 lux. Gradually reducing this value, do not forget about night meals by ducklings, for which we leave a non-bright (3-5 lux) light bulb for the night.
Duck strongly splashes water at watering. Take care of changing the litter, ensuring it is always dry and friable. Replacement occurs every 2-3 days. Invalid odor of hydrogen sulfide in the premises of young stock. Provide ventilation and ventilation, eliminating the appearance of drafts.Humidity maintain at the level of 60-75%.
How to feed the young
Youngsters of the Bashkir duck are unpretentious in food and consume the food as adults. Suitable for feeding grain Derti, soybean meal, bone, herbal and fish meal, fodder yeast. Dilute the diet with chopped green dandelion, alfalfa, nettle. Add carrots, boiled potatoes, food waste.
As ducklings grow older, the percentage of green fodder increases. The main requirement for feed is freshness and good quality. The priority of taste preferences leans towards dandelion, clover and alfalfa. They will not refuse from cereals to flowering, not coarsened nettle, cabbage leaves, carrot tops or beets.
Crushed, rotten, rancid and soured feed cause infectious and intestinal diseases that cause the death of livestock.
The use of dry food and clean water in a separate container, instead of mash, prevents the death of ducklings and increases the percentage of heads of birds that have lived to the age of 3 weeks.
Pay attention to the composition of the finished combined feed for ducks. The daily diet should include the necessary vitamins, minerals and trace elements.The lack of a number of elements will lead to a weakening of the skeleton (falling on the legs) even at the age of 3-4 months.
An insufficient amount, for example, of sulfur-containing amino acids leads to a loss of plumage, in a short time. At 3 months in ducklings, the work of the oil gland is established and if there is a body of water, the ducks can be released there. Add 3-5 mm gravel to the feed or keep it in a separate container. After 2-3 weeks you can feed overcooked, chopped food waste.
When adding boiled potatoes to feed, be sure to drain the water. This will prevent poisoning by solanine.
Diseases of ducks and ducklings
Previously discussed simplicity and stability of the Bashkir breed to adverse external factors. Disease is easier to preempt than to cure. This rule also applies to ducks of this breed.
Follow these rules so that caring for this bird brings joy and positive emotions.
- Aspire to keep dry litter for birds and cleanliness in the room where the maintenance takes place. Until the birds appear, treat the premises with bleach and caustic soda. Dry 3-4 days. Then whiten a 20% solution of lime 2-3 times.
- In the case of domestic withdrawal ducklings or uncertainty about the integrity of the provider of daily young consult a veterinarian with help in vaccination, to prevent major diseases.
- Do not keep ducklings different age in one pen or indoors. Separate them until the moment when the younger ones get stronger, and acquire sufficient resistance to infections and diseases.
- Pay attention to pets. An individual with sluggish behavior, apathy and inactivity is sick. She has, as a rule, ruffled feathers, lowered wings and an uncertain wobbly gait. Isolate the sick as soon as possible from the rest of the healthy birds.
- If you suspect deterioration of the condition, contact immediately the veterinarian, who will help to save the livestock of the poultry yard and minimize negative consequences.
Advantages and disadvantages
- Derivability ducklings at the level of 80%.
- Elevated resistance infectious diseases.
- Normal conditions of detention and speed weight gain, regardless of weather and climatic conditions.
- Not fat meat.
- Earlier beginning of laying duck eggs and perseverance in the nest.
- Low feed costs.
- Decorative drakes.
The disadvantages are conditional and are general in nature, typical of many duck breeds. Appetite, the need for clean litter and water. Khaki ducks have reduced egg production.
The choice of the Bashkir duck is justified and expedient for a farm and a small private yard. The advantages of this breed prevail over the hassle of its content.