How to plant a pear in spring, summer and autumn
 How to plant a pear

The pear is a very tasty and healthy fruit that every gardener seeks to grow in the garden. There is a huge number of different varieties, and sometimes it is not easy at the early stages of tree development to determine the variety of this fruit.

When a tree begins to bear fruit, sometimes instead of a large-fruited variety with excellent taste, a pear-dick or other less attractive variety on the plot is revealed than originally expected. But the way out of this situation is very simple - it is enough to plant a tree with a better-quality process.

In this article we will talk about how to plant a pear, how to do it correctly and whether it can be planted on various trees.

Why plant a pear?

Plant a tree in order to give it the attributes and qualities of another variety. Often the gardener for one reason or another is not satisfied with the tree growing on the site.

This tree either produces very small fruits, or the taste of these fruits leaves much to be desired. Sometimes a tree is planted to prolong its "youth." A fresh, young scion, which will be transplanted onto an old tree, after a while, will significantly rejuvenate it. and will produce a large and stable crop.

Vaccination can be carried out to obtain new pear varieties.

Often, the resulting sapling of different varieties inherits the best qualities of both trees.

Vaccination may be needed when there is no desire to wait for many years before harvesting the first crop, planting pear seedlings in the ground. You can significantly speed up the appearance of the fruit by carrying out simple and time-consuming operation.

 Grafted and processed pear
Grafted and processed pear

What can be planted pear: apple and rowan

Pear can be grafted on the same tree. If a wild tree grows on the site, then grafting will allow in a short time to get a full-fledged tree with excellent characteristics. It is not recommended to inoculate a pear on a pear with different terms of fruit ripening.. In this case, the life cycle of the tree is significantly reduced.

For example, if a late ripening grade is planted on an early pear, the tree will still bear fruit at the time of wintering, and the frosts that came at the beginning of winter can completely destroy it.

If the site is marshy or the groundwater level is too high, then the pear will not grow under such conditions. Grafting on another tree is the only possible means of obtaining a crop on your own plot.

Grafting on mountain ash will allow you to grow this fruit in this area, and given the high frost resistance of mountain ash, you can safely graft the most late ripening varieties of pears. A grafted pear on a mountain ash will have a very compact look, which will make it easy to harvest the next harvest. When implementing such a vaccination, should be left on the tree at least one fourth of the shoots of mountain ashOtherwise, the tree will not receive the required amount of substances for fruiting.

You can try to implement the graft on the apple tree. A good result can be obtained if you use as a base for the graft of this fruit, a quince tree, irgi or aronii.

If semi-cultivated pear varieties grow on the site, the graft on such a plant will develop most efficiently.

Ideal for this purpose are suitable varieties: Tonkowetka, Severyanka or Svetlyanka. These trees are unpretentious to the conditions of growth and with a properly performed operation of grafting a process of a more promising variety, you can get a significant fruit harvest after 2 years.

Pear sprig is taking root well on hawthorn bush, but such a tree will be too covered with spikes, which will significantly complicate the collection of the next harvest.

 Preparing for the graft
Preparing for the graft

Timing when you can plant a pear?

Plant a tree in early spring, when the buds on the trees have not yet blossomed. When carrying out the procedure before the start of active self-movement, one can hope for a 100% effectiveness of such a scion.If for one reason or another it was not possible to get the vaccination on time, then we can not wait for the next spring, but carry out this procedure in the second half of summer.

The optimal time in the southern areas to carry out this work will be the beginning of spring. In the northern regions, a similar procedure should be performed no earlier than the second half of April. To determine the optimal time of a scion pear, it is necessary to monitor the temperature of the air. When the night temperature deviations are insignificant, you can safely proceed to the implementation of this operation. Otherwise, the vaccinated shoots will freeze over at night and die.

In summer, the beginning of July will be most favorable for vaccination. Be sure to complete such work before August. This month, significant temperature fluctuations are possible during the day, which may adversely affect the grafted plants.

How to choose the graft?

First of all, you should decide on the type of tree that will become a “donor” for the transfer of a branch to a new basis.

If you want to get a hybrid large-fruited plant, then for this purpose suitable varieties of pears: Bere Gardi; Bere-Klerjo; Large-fruited Susova; Favorite Yakovlev. To implement the correct grafting of these varieties of pears, it is necessary to separate a small branch with several buds.

If the graft is carried out of branches of equal diameter, then you should choose a graft equal in thickness to the graft as a graft. When the graft is “split”, it is possible to use 2 branches of a considerably smaller diameter than the trunk of the tree where the pear transplant is planned to be used as a graft.

 Sprig immediately after graft
Sprig immediately after graft

Methods of grafting pears in spring, summer and autumn

There are several ways to plant a pear:

  • In the split.
  • Behind the bark.
  • Budding.

To perform the work will require the following tools and materials:

  • Garden knife.
  • Hacksaw.
  • Garden var.
  • Plastic bags.
  • Strapping tape.
Grafting of a pear into a cleft is carried out in the case when the stock is much thicker than the graft.

To carry out this operation, a branch is separated in the stock, and splitting is done at the cut point using a knife or an ax. The splitting depth must be at least 5 cm.Then, a scion is set in the split, it is smeared with garden pitch and the tree trunk in the place of the split is tightened with a special tape.

Under the bark, grafting is carried out when the diameter of the scion is significantly less than the diameter of the stock. To implement this procedure, it is necessary to cut the tree bark in a T-shape and insert the cutting into the gap. After that, you should carefully pull the trunk with a cloth or a rope. It is desirable to smear the junction of two branches

garden bar to eliminate the possibility of infection.

To do the budding, it is enough to make a small cut on the stock rootstock, attach a graft to it and tie two branches well with a special tape for winding.

 Pear tree selected for graft
Pear tree selected for graft

How to graft pear step by step

If the tree is not grafted correctly, time will be wasted, the branch will not be accepted and you will have to wait for the next favorable period to perform this operation on the tree being planted.

The correct grafting on a small pear seedling is carried out in the following sequence:

  • Rake the ground at the base of the seedling trunk.
  • At the root of the neck is a T-shaped incision.
  • From the cutting, the shield is cut off from the kidney. The cut should be equal to the size of the t-notch.
  • Knife pushing the place of the cut on the stock, and set in the gap formed shield with a kidney.
  • Polyethylene film tightly wind the shield to the trunk of the seedling so that the bud remains outside.

3 weeks after the vaccination of the pear, it is necessary to inspect the junction of the shield with the main trunk. If the kidney is green, then we can consider the operation performed as successful. In the split, it is better to plant 2 new twigs, thus it is possible to minimize the probability of death of the scion.

Cleft can be done on any branch of the main tree, but the most effective is to conduct such an operation on the north side. In this case, the percentage of survival of the scion increases significantly. To increase the survival rate of a new sprig, it is advisable to use a garden pitchwhich protects the site of vaccination from damage by insects and microorganisms.

Conclusion

You can update the trees in the garden using a graft.For the implementation of this operation does not require the acquisition of expensive equipment or the use of special knowledge. It is enough to purchase a graft of a new variety and turn an apple, quince or rowan garden into a pear grove.

And finally, a short video in which you will learn what to do and how to graft pear step by step in the suburbs: