Detailed description of the plum wall variety
 Plum stenley

Even in a small area, a rare summer resident refuses to plant a plum tree. Plum is a very popular stone fruit culture among gardeners.. In many gardens of Russia you can find one of its most interesting varieties - Stanley, with a description of which you will meet in this article.

Plum Stanley - in detail

 Plum Hungarian
Plum Hungarian

A group of Hungarian plums, to which Stanley belongs (he is Stanley, he is Stanley), combines varieties with elongated dark-purple fruits, a clear abdominal seam and dense sugary pulp. Hungarians amenable to drying, and it is from them that the best prunes are made..

History of the variety

At the beginning of the 20th century, professor at the Department of Horticulture at Cornell University Richard Wellington experimented with crossing the famous French plum Pryuno d’Agen and the American Grand Duke. The result of selection was the Stanley variety created in 1926. From the delicate "mother" of the French, he inherited the excellent taste and bright aroma of the fruit. From the “father” of the American - resistance to freezing of flower buds.

 French plum Pryuno DAGEN
French plum Pryuno d’Agent

Today, Stanley plum is planted with vast areas in temperate zones around the world. Almost all European and American prunes are made from it. In Russia, Stanley has been cultivated since the 1980s. Although the variety is recommended for the southern regions, it can be found far north - in the Central Chernozem region, the Moscow region and even in Siberia. However, where frosts occur in September, it is still better not to risk it. Stanley - late-plum plum, may not have time to ripen before cold weather.

For successful cultivation of plums in cold regions they use frost-resistant rootstocks: turn, Ussuri plum or sand cherry. Another way is grafting a zoned variety into the crown.According to gardeners, the latter method at the same time relieves problems with pollination.

Characteristic variety

External features The tree grows up to 3 meters in height. Crown habitus sparse, rounded. The stem is straight, with a medium degree of desquamation, dark gray.

The shoots are red-purple, slightly ocholchёnnye, without pubescence. The length of internodes is about 3.5 cm.

Leaf stalks have anthocyanin pigmentation. On the lower side of the leaf plate - a pair of yellowish aromatic glands. Stipules lanceolate, light green.

Bloom Stenley plum blossoms approximately in mid-April.

The generative buds are located on the sprouts of annual growth and bouquet branches. Each bud forms 1-2 flowers.

The flowers are white, up to 3 cm in diameter. The petals are slightly closed, not corrugated, with a wavy edge. Pedicle length - up to 2 cm.

Fruiting This variety begins to bear fruit with 4 years of age. Removable maturity fruits reach the beginning of September.

Fruit - odnosostochkovaya drupe, very large. The average weight is 45 grams. Covering color is dark purple, the main - green. The shape of the fetus is obovate (the top is round, the neck is elongated), with a distinctly pronounced abdominal suture, uneven.Peel - without pubescence and strokes, with brown subcutaneous spots and wax coating, poorly separated from the pulp.

The flesh is yellow, with a strong aroma, dense. The taste is sweet with a light acidity (tasting score 4.8 points). Stone separates well.

Soil requirements Grade Stenley loves fertile soil. The need for regular dressings is very high. Otherwise, the fruits become smaller.
Resilience Stenley is declared as a high-resistant grade. Able to tolerate frosts down to -34⁰С.

Drought tolerance is average. With a long absence of irrigation drops fruit.

Highly resistant to polystigmosis (red spot) and sharq. It is affected by gray rot and aphids.

Yield Fruit steadily. Gives up to 60 kg of fruits from one tree.
Purpose of the fruit Use universal: fresh, for drying, for preparing juices, compotes, jams, for pickling and freezing.
The need for pollinators Partially samoplodny grade, tying the fruit and without pollinators. However, the best yields are yielded if there are plums of Chachakskaya, Empress, President or Bleufri grades.
Transportability and curing At normal temperatures, Stanley plum fruits are stored without loss of quality for up to 15 days. In cold weather (+ 1⁰С) - up to 25 days.

Fruit transportability is very good.

Pros and cons of plum stenley

Summing up all the characteristics of this variety, we can draw conclusions about its advantages and disadvantages.

Of the advantages:

  • excellent fruit flavor and versatility;
  • frost resistance;
  • self-fertility;
  • high and stable yield;
  • good indicators of the stability and transportability;
  • resistance to sharq and red spot.
 Plum Stanley has a high level of logs and transportability
Plum Stanley has a high level of logs and transportability

Of the disadvantages:

  • instability to gray rot;
  • demanding of soil fertility;
  • low drought tolerance;
  • late maturity

Grade Stenley - from sapling to harvest

To grow Stanley in his plot, you will need general knowledge of the rules of plum cultivation and a little patience. When choosing a seedling, you must take into account the peculiarities of your climate.. If you plan to grow Stanley in a warm region, you can buy own-rooted seedlings. If the climate is cold, it is better to take a stock.

Plot selection

Place for landing Stanley need to choose the warmest and sunny. Well, if it is protected from drafts. The tree will feel great on the south side of the gentle slope or at least behind a low fence, if it is not too obscured.

 For plum by stenley the most favorable warm and sunny place
For plum by stenley the most favorable warm and sunny place

Stanley is a moisture-loving variety, but does not tolerate stagnant water at all. Therefore, the lowlands, swampy areas and places with a high standing of the subsoil waters of this drain will not work.

It should be remembered that this American guest likes to eat. It is necessary to take to her a fairly fertile piece of land with an area of ​​at least 9 square meters. The best options are weakly alkaline and neutral sandstone or loam.. The acidic soil will need to be deoxidized with dolomite flour.

In a complex area with close groundwater, the bottom of the landing pit can be laid out with a layer of bricks. It will force the root system of the seedling to grow to the sides and protect it from soaking and freezing.

Planting seedlings

It is best to plum Stanley plum in early spring before the start of sap flow. Practice calls for that during the autumn planting this variety gets worse.

 Preparing a landing pit for plums
Preparing a landing pit for plums

The landing pit should be prepared in the fall, before the onset of frost. In this case, the soil will have time to settle down. The size of the pit and the method of laying depend on the fertility of the soil.

Fertile soil Insufficiently fertile soil
Pit depth 60 cm 100 cm
The diameter of the pit 80 cm 100 cm
Bookmark Method Topsoil is removed and deposited separately.

The bottom of the landing pit is digging.

The removed upper layer is mixed with humus in a ratio of 1: 1 and poured with a mound to the bottom of the pit.

Turf is removed, crushed and stacked separately.

Mix 2 buckets of well-rotted manure, a liter ash can and shredded turf.

The mixture is placed on the bottom of the pit.

The fertile soil from another place is filled up to half the depth with a mound.

 

Planting seedling Stanley has no technological features. It is carried out by the general rules:

  1. Slightly away from the top of the hill a support stake is driven in at the bottom of the landing pit. The height must be calculated so that the top of the support is slightly lower than the first lateral shoots of the seedling.
  2. Landing pit good shed water.
  3. Sapling put next to the support and tie. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the root neck is above the ground.
  4. Roots spread over the hill and gradually sprinkle with good earth, tightly trampling.
 Planting plum seedlings
Planting plum seedlings
  1. Again check the location of the root collar. Ideally, it will be three fingers above the ground.
  2. Step back about half a meter from the punch and chopper or ploskorezom circle the groove. Pour about three buckets of water into it.
  3. To mumble stem circle.
So that a sapling can be well taken, it is possible to treat its roots with the Heteroauxin preparation before planting. To do this, crush two pills and “pollinate” the root system. The drug is safe for the plant and does not harm the soil flora.

Further care

Immediately after planting, the seedling needs to be “cut”. The plum produces large annual increments, so the sooner the crown formation begins, the better. In the same seedling, it is necessary to pinch the apical bud in order to grow lateral shoots. They will form the future skeletal branches of the tree. In a two-year-old sapling, the center conductor and the side branches should be shortened by a third.

In the first season after disembarking, Stanley requires a lot of attention.. Water the seedling should be regularly. Several times over the summer, you can spill a solution of "Heteroauxin" at the rate of 2 tablets per 10-liter bucket of water. Weed pristvolny circle is not worth it, so as not to disturb the injured roots. It is better to mow the grass.

In the second year it's time to start feeding. Their scheme will depend on the phase of plant life.

From the 2nd year after disembarkation before entering into fruiting Fruit tree
Spring In early May - with a solution of urea (2 spoons per 10 liters of water) Before flowering, a solution of urea (2 tablespoons) and potassium sulfate (2 tablespoons) in 10 liters of water.
Summer In early June - with a solution of nitrophoska (2 spoons per 10 liters of water) During the pouring of berries - a solution of urea (2 spoons) and nitrophoska (3 spoons) per 10 liters of water.
Autumn The end of August - a solution of potassium sulfate (2 spoons) and superphosphate (2 spoons) per 10 liters of water. After collecting the fruits, a solution of potassium sulfate (2 spoons) and superphosphate (3 spoons) per 10 liters of water.

 

In addition to mineral supplements, Stenley plum can be offered organics. Every year, in the beginning of summer, a bucket of manure humus and a glass of dolomite flour should be brought into the soil of the circle of the trunk circle..

 The tree should be fertilized with humus annually.
The tree should be fertilized with humus annually.

For the prevention of disease and the invasion of pests necessarily need to do sanitary pruning. Once in seven years - rejuvenating.

Measures to combat diseases and pests

Monilioz (gray rot) - a fungus that spoils the fruits of plums. It looks at the initial stage, like a brown spot on the skin. This formation quickly grows and is covered with a gray "down", carrying the spores of the fungus.

Plum varieties Stanley can be greatly affected by moniliasis. In order to prevent misfortune, it is necessary to spray a tree twice with the Abiga-Pik fungicide (before flowering and during fruit loading). If the tree is still sick, you will have to cut off the infected branches and burn them. The healthy parts are treated with the drug.

Plum Stanley loves pollinated aphids. Colonies of these small greenish-brown insects greatly damage young shoots and plum leaves. For prevention it is good to plant a tree with marigolds. They attract ladybirds - natural enemies of aphids. In case of severe damage to the plant, you can use "Intavir". However, it should be remembered: insecticides kill not only pests, but also insects useful for the garden.

Afterword

Plum Stanley certainly deserves the attention of Russian gardeners. If you master the art of copulation, you can experience this variety, even without wasting time on growing seedlings. There is no doubt - the efforts will justify themselves.