Cherry is a valuable and useful dietary product. Today, many gardening lovers prefer unpretentious and at the same time high-yielding varieties of cherries. Cherry variety Molodezhnaya perfectly combines these qualities, described in this article.
Table of contents
The main characteristics of the variety Youth
The youth variety of cherries was brought by the breeder Kh. D. Enikeev together with S.N. Saratov. They crossed two sorts of cherries among themselves: Lyubskaya and Vladimirskaya. In 1993, the resulting cherry variety was listed in the state register.
This type of cherry grows on the territory of the central region and in the Urals. Cherry Youth can grow in the form of a tree or a bush. The height of a tree or shrub grows to 2.5 meters. The foliage of a tree or bush forms a rounded shape, a little drooping. The leaves are of medium size, bright green color.
The inflorescences of a plant consist of five or seven flowers, 1.8–3 cm in diameter. The flowers are white, the stamens and pistil are equal in height, which allows the plant to self-pollinate.
Youth belongs to the self-fertile varieties. This variety will soon be pleased with its fruits. Already in the fourth year the tree begins to bear fruit. And four years later, vigorous fruiting begins, which persists until the plant reaches 15–20 years.
Flowering begins in mid-May, and by mid-July, you can harvest berries. During the period of fruiting one bush or tree can produce from 10 to 12 kg of berries.
Variety Molodezhnaya has average winter hardiness. Flower buds are also moderately resistant. In this species of cherry tree, the average degree of opposition to diseases such as coccomycosis and moniliasis., as well as to various microorganisms.
Description of cherry berries
Fruits are formed on the branches of the last year or bouquets.
The berries have a sweet-sour taste, dense, juicy dark red flesh. Their weight reaches five grams. Medium-sized bone is quite easily separated from the pulp. The berries are oblong. Dense fruits are resistant to transportation and mechanical damage.
In the taste of fruit, sweetness prevails, therefore often used in the preparation of a variety of dessert dishes. Berries are great for fresh consumption.
Positive and negative qualities
Youth has many positive qualities.
These include the following characteristics:
- good tolerance by flowering buds; lowering of air temperature;
- plant resistance to the effects of fungal diseases;
- berries are convenient to transport, as they are quite dense;
- self-fertility of the cherry makes it possible to pollinate the neighboring non-self-fruiting plants;
- the plant is resistant to a decrease in air temperature and to dry periods in summer;
- in the berries of a large number of vitamins, trace elements, pectins.
However, along with the advantages of this species, there are some features that should be considered when cultivating:
- every year the plant must be treated with fungicides to prevent various diseases;
- it is necessary to carefully select a place for landing, the ideal option is a plain with gentle winds;
- every year it is necessary to make dressing with phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium;
- to avoid overgrowing, the plant should be regularly cut.
These features of care in no way diminish the value of Youth.
The cultivation of cherries of this variety and the rules for her care
In order for the plant to enjoy a rich harvest, need to properly care for hers Not a small role in this is the choice of the place and time of landing.
Where and at what time to plant?
The location for the Molodezhnaya Cherry is preferable to choose on a low hill that is not blown by the winds and at the same time receives enough sunlight.
It is necessary to plant seedlings either in early spring or early autumn. (end of September). So the plant adapts to the winter cold and calmly overwinter. With later planting times, the risk that the plant will not be used increases.
Stages of planting seedlings:
- Dig a hole about 80 cm in diameter and 40 to 50 cm deep. At the bottom of the hole lay a dressing, which includes: manure, nitrogen and phosphate. You should not plant a plant with damaged roots - they are better to slowly cut. Top dressing will help the seedling to settle down better and faster on the spot.
- Neatly put the roots of the plant in the hole and sprinkle with earth.
- In a circle around the seedlings need form a hole. To carry out its mulching with the help of humus, sawdust, small brick or expanded clay. So when watering water will be better to linger and soak up the root system of the plant.
- Before the first fruiting is necessary lime treatment plants.
When planting a 2-year-old sapling it is necessary to strike a pruning. First of all, all shoots are cut off at an angle of 90 degrees from the branches. Further the plant “skeleton” is planned - three main branches. All branches are cut around the main branches, in addition to those that extend at right angles from the trunk.
Cherry Care Rules
Although cherry is a rather unpretentious plant. To obtain a rich harvest, you must follow some rules in caring for it.
- Annually it is necessary to carry out the treatment with special drugs.. This is to protect the plant from various fungal diseases. Especially carefully you need to approach this issue if already infected tree grows next to a cherry.
- It is necessary to apply fertilizing regularly to the soil.. To do this, in the spring it is necessary to fertilize youth nitrogen fertilizer, and in the fall - potash and phosphate fertilizers. A positive effect on the growth and development of cherries has fertilizing from compost or manure.
- To improve yield, pruning should be done annually.. Particularly long branches are cut off and young strong and bouquet branches grow in their place. Berries soon appear on these branches. The height of the plant is best kept in the range from 2 to 2.5 meters. At the same time the quantity and quality of fruits will improve.
- Measures for pruning branches and tops of cherries provide additional inflow of sunlight and prevent thickening of the crown.
- The plant loves water and needs regular watering.. This is especially true during the dry summer.
- Preparing the plant for wintering much attention should be paid to the root system. For protection against rodents and freezing tree roots are covered with peat or moss.
If all recommendations are followed, the plant will long be happy with a large and tasty harvest.
How to collect and place cherries in storage
Harvesting should start from the twentieth of July. The period of fruiting ends in August.
In order for the berry to be kept fresh for a long time, it is necessary to carefully sort it. Only dense berries are left for storage, without external damage, the color of the stem is green.. Prepare the prepared container (tray, box) with paper. Put berries on the bottom. At the same time the layer of berries should not exceed ten centimeters. Remove the container with the berry stored in the refrigerator. The temperature should be between 0 ° C and + 2 ° C. In this form, the fruits are stored for two weeks.
You can also make a variety of compotes, jam, jam or jams of cherries and enjoy them all year round.
Features inherent in the variety Molodozhnaya
- Even if only one plant of this species is planted on the site, the harvest will be received in one hundred percent of cases. This is due to the ability to self-pollination and the successful structure of flowers - the pistil and stamens have equal height.
- When planting a seedling with its own roots, the crop will be already 3-4 years old.. And if the tree is properly grafted, berries can form even earlier than this period.
- Great confrontation to various fungal diseases.
- Negative feature is accelerated overgrowing.. Therefore, it is necessary to remove unnecessary branches in a timely manner so as not to obscure the sunlight.
Cherry exposure to youth exposed to diseases and pests
Youth, unlike many other varieties of cherries, is resistant to fungal diseases.
The most dangerous disease for this variety is moniliasis.. In this disease, branches gradually dry out. In this case, the plant may be completely affected by this disease, as well as its individual parts.
When establishing this disease, it is necessary to trim all diseased branches indented 15-20 cm to the healthy parts of the branch. Cut branches must be disposed of to prevent the spread of the disease.
Cherry Youth is subject to monilial burnwhich manifests itself during the flowering of flowers. To cure it is necessary to spray the leaves of the plant with a special solution. This disease is also spreading rapidly, so you need to carefully monitor nearby trees.
When the leaves appear on the plant need to pay more attention to it. Especially if the color changes quite quickly and the leaves turn purple. This can signal a disease or a lack of nitrogen fertilizer in the soil.
Reviews of amateur gardeners about Molodezhnaya
Vladimir: In my garden ripe berries Youth. I liked it very much! Taste of berries pleased, more sweet than sour. The only drawback is the height of the bush, only 50 cm from the ground.
Nikolay: Raised Youth near Shokoladnitsa. So many berries for the season have never seen. Trees are literally sprinkled with cherries!
Michael: With a grade the Youth is well familiar. A large number of positive properties. The plant is productive, self-fertile, tolerates winter. The berries hang on the bushes for a rather long time and do not crumble.
Cherry Molodezhnaya is the favorite of a large number of summer residents. The plant is distinguished by high yield due to self-fertility. It is even cultivated on an industrial scale.
The berries are large, with dense and juicy pulp are well stored and transported..
There are no complicated nuances in the cultivation of this variety.It is enough just to get down to dealing with responsibility and love and a rich harvest is soon ensured.