This culture is successfully grown on almost all continents, beautiful sprawling trees produce so many fruits that one tree is enough in the garden to satisfy the needs of a large family. It is important to choose the right variety to match the climate zone.so that the tree grows quickly, does not hurt and gives rich harvests annually. In this article, you will get acquainted with a detailed description of the Chocolate Chocolate variety.
Table of contents
Description of the variety Chocolate Shokoladnitsa
One of the most popular new varieties - Chocolate Chocolate, so named for the bright and rich color of berries. The work of breeders was crowned with success, this young variety of cherry is becoming more and more popular, the tree grows quickly, low, which pleasantly distinguishes it from similar varieties, it hurts a little. So, Chocolate can be considered a promising cherry variety for the Central region of Russia.
Breeders from Orel, who worked at the All-Russian Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops, set themselves the task of creating a new species that would have the most important requirements of gardeners:
- Good frost resistance
- Low growth tree
It is no secret that these two indicators can be considered the most important for fruit crops. Even with a very large crop on the tree it is important to collect and preserve it, but how to do it, if you have to build ladders and accessories during the ripening of fruits. The central region of Russia is not characterized by too severe winters,but still, spring frosts often harm fruit trees - not only part of the crop is lost, but also the appearance of the grown tree is spoiled.
therefore The resulting chocolate Shokoladnitsa almost completely meets the requirements of gardeners - not particularly thermophilic, a little sick. Based on two popular and beloved varieties of gardeners - Lubskaya and Black cherries, the new hybrid took all the best from its original sources.
Fruit characteristics
The tree grows up to only two and a half meters in heightits crown resembles a pyramid, turned upside down. The leaves are beautiful with a rich dark green color, pointed, not shiny. Each inflorescence consists of three flowers of white shade.
A decent lifespan - with good care, feeding and cutting old branches a tree can live for about twenty years. The fruits are round, on well-groomed trees can reach 20 mm in diameter and weigh up to 3.5 g each. The flesh is juicy, tender, taste sweet and sour.
The tree does not require special care for itself, Chokoladnitsa is unpretentious and gives a bountiful harvest, ripening earlier than on other varieties of cherries.
Table of nutrients in the fruit
| Useful material | Amount |
|---|---|
| Vitamin P | 1064.3 mg |
| Vitamin C | 10 mg and above |
| Anthocyanins | 395.4 mg |
| Vitamin C | 16.7 mg |
| Catechins | 378.1 mg |
The advantages and disadvantages of the variety
The main advantage of the Chocolate variety is its compactness, and the fact that it is also resistant to frost, makes it indispensable in home gardens. The summer residents liked this variety - it is impossible to grow a lot of trees on six acres, but everyone needs a compact and high-yielding cherry. Of course, like any fruit tree, and Chokoladnitsa has its drawbacks - she suffers with inadequate care for moniliasis and coccomycosis.
And yet, compare the speed of ripening and winter hardiness of different varieties of cherries before buying a tree:
| Sort | Chocolate girl | Robin | Youth | Purple |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frost resistance | high | average | high | average |
| Fruit ripening | fast | fast | the average | fast |
| Yield | high | high | high | high |
| Susceptibility to diseases | Medium - moniliosis and coccomycosis | Medium - moniliosis and coccomycosis, fungus | Medium - moniliosis and coccomycosis, fungus | Medium - moniliosis and coccomycosis, fungus |
| Self-sapping | Yes | not | Yes | not |
Some gardeners believe that it is possible to increase the yield of a tree several times if you plant at least one cherry of another variety side by side for cross-pollinationpollinators such as varieties Lyubskaya, Flask, VladimirskayaStudent, Turgenevka. If there is enough space in your garden plot, you can use the help of professionals, however, even a single growing Chocolate tree will bring a bountiful harvest.
Features of planting and care
The place for planting trees, choose carefully, as well as the time of planting. Some gardeners prefer to plant fruit trees "before winter", but this does not mean that it is impossible take advantage of the first warm days in early April, when it is best to plant fruit trees. This is the time of the beginning of life, the time of the beginning of the movement of the juices, the tree will take root better if you choose spring planting.
Choose a small sapling - up to 70 cm in height, young, pay attention to its root system - developed and powerful. The tree itself should not be damaged, the twigs should be elastic and resilient. Age - about one and a half years, that's enough.
If the soil on the site is heavy, take care in advance about the sand, peat, be sure to check if there is no ground water near or under the supposed hole. Cherry does not tolerate excess moisture, a tree planted in acidic soil with poor drainage will die.
Remove the soil from the hole, the bottom layer must be prepared specially - it will be a mixture of soil with ash and humus, after which it is worth adding a little superphosphate and calcium chloride to the composition. Such it is best to form the hole already in the autumn, in order to carry out the landing with the beginning of the movement of the juices in the spring.
How to plant a cherry correctly
- Let's start with the fact that you need a stake, the diameter of the device is up to 8 cm, drive it into the ground and around do markings on a radius of about 30 cm, depth of well is about 70 cm.
- In the finished hole pour the prepared mixture soil, ash and bait.
- Spread the root ballTry not to damage the delicate young roots.
- Set next to the seedling count, with a height of the tree itself about 70 m count should be higher - about a meter.
- Snap sapling to stake with paper twine, do not use plastic ropes - they will injure the tender bark of a young tree
- Set the seedling so that its neck is above the ground - about 3-4 cm
- Fill the hole
- Compact the ground around the trunk
- Water the tree pretty plentiful - a bucket for one sapling
- After watering necessarily promchuyte circle landingThe thickness of the mulch layer consisting of a mixture of sawdust and humus should be about 5 cm.
The main work is completed, but this does not mean that you do not need to take care of the tree anymore. While the sapling is young, try at least once a week to loosen the earth around the trunkso that air can reach the growing roots, such a procedure is required after watering. Weeds will not appear on the area treated in this way.
But in May and June each tree is worth spending about five buckets of water, the harvest will be richer.
Learning to cut a tree
Remove extra branches and form the crown need annually. Pruning is done before bud break.. After cutting the branch of the stump, process the garden pitch. Form a crown pyramid. Be sure to remove dry and frozen branches.
A few words about winter hardiness - The chocolate is adapted to the central zone of Russia, but in severe winters (if meteorologists predict a cold period), you can warm the trunk with fir paws - they will save the bark of a young tree from rats and mice.
Growing conditions
Mineral and nitrogen fertilizers are used to feed fruit trees. Excellent mullein and humus. You need to feed twice a year - in the spring you will need superphosphate and ammonium nitrate, in the fall - lime, potassium and phosphorus. Do not forget the mullein - in the spring after flowering and again a couple of weeks later.
Diseases and pests
Unpleasant when leaves with brown-red spots appear on the tree - this is a sign of coccomycosis. Any disease can be predicted and prevented - before blooming the first leaves, you need to spray the tree with a 3% solution of Bordeaux mixture. When the cherry blossoms - use the drug "Scor", after flowering - a solution of copper oxychloride.
If you find the first signs of moniliasis - fungus on the branches and bark of the tree, then remove all the affected areas and burn, be sure to treat the tree with copper sulphate.
Fighting aphids on fruit trees is best with a 3% nitrafen solution or Intavir., if there are a lot of insects, do not forget to clear the ground of fallen insects after treating the wood.
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- Cherry coccomycosis
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- Monilioz Cherry
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- Aphids on cherry
Harvesting and Storage
Cherry Chocolate skoroplodnaya, you will see the first berries on the tree 3 years after plantingthey ripen by mid-July. With one tree with good care you can collect up to 15 kg of berries.
It is best to eat fresh cherry, but skillful housewives will make fruit compote, wine, liqueurs, boil jam.
Peculiarities of this variety
The tree is not high, the crown is pyramidal, the shape of the leaf is pointed. Berries up to 3 mg, the tree is able to give up to 15 kg of fruits. Frost-resistant variety, bred for planting in the Central region of Russia, self-pollinated well. Cons - susceptibility to diseases of moniliasis and coccomycosis.
Gardeners reviews
How to say about the chocolate Chocolate growers gardeners
Mikhail Petrov, gardener with experience - The variety is young and very promising. To increase the yield, they are proposing to plant near the varieties Lyubskaya, Sklyanka, Vladimirskaya, Studencheskaya, Turgenevka.
Starov Veronika, gardener - Fruits are juicy, sweet-sour, stored well, one can prepare a lot of preparations for the winter.
Mikhailova Irina - Excellent variety, so many berries, begins to bear fruit early, collect buckets. And it is not bad, I advise everyone.
Conclusion
In the garden there is always a place for fruit trees - under the apple, pear, cherry. A small area in garden partnerships becomes a headache for the owners - too many trees cannot be planted, therefore compact varieties are selected that can provide a rich harvest. Cherry Chocolate completely meets all requirements - bountiful harvest, durability, precociousness, berries are large, juicy.
"Chocolate" planted five years ago. The tree grew strong, branchy, powerful trunk. But the harvest is weak. The berries are very tasty, but they are few. Can someone tell me what the problem is?