Many gardeners in the garden grow various fruit trees. The most popular are apple trees, pears and, of course, cherries.
There are many varieties of cherries the most common of them is considered Vladimirovskaya.
Table of contents
History of the variety
Where and by whom the variety of Vladimir's cherry was bred is unknown. In central Russia, it appeared in the early 12th century., it was brought along by wandering monks. They began to grow these trees on the slopes, near the monasteries.
The first seedlings took root well, but not everyone could survive the winter. Having noticed this, the monks from Greece became wrap the trees and sprinkle them with snow.
After successful acclimatization, they began to grow cherries not only in monasteries, but also in estates and estates. Moreover, on the slopes of the trees developed and fruited much better than on flat terrain.
Interesting that in the 19th century, the city of Vladimir ranked first in the cultivation of this fruit tree, and still retains this title. Cherry is a symbol of this region, which is confirmed by the monument to this berry.
Description
Over the years Vladimirskaya cherries were propagated in several ways:
- seeds;
- sprouts.
That is why in our days the fruit of this variety has many forms. Distinctive features are:
- dark cherry fleshy flesh;
- small and medium fruits, weighing up to 3.5 g;
- the berries are flat-round, slightly compressed on the sides;
- round top with a small funnel;
- black and red skin with gray spots;
- the stone easily moves away from the pulp;
- stalk length up to 45 mm.
The taste itself sweet and sour berry, but sourness prevails more.
One hundred grams of cherry pulp in this variety contains following components:
- 16.5% dry matter;
- 11% sugar;
- 0.63% free acid;
- 4.5 m / g ascorbic acid.
The tree itself grows in the form of a bush with its own well-developed root system; in the grafted form, a stem tree with a round crown shape is formed. In height can reach up to 5 meters.
The central trunk and branches have a gray-brown color of bark with longitudinal shallow cracks.
The young shtamb forms a round crown, which, over the years, becomes more spreading and weeping. Inside the leaves is very small, but the young branches of yellow-brown color are pleasing to the eye with abundant greenery.
Skeletal branches depart from the main trunk at an angle of 50-60 degrees. Vegetative buds have a conical shape, small size and dark brown color, oval shape will be in generative buds.
The leaves of Vladimir cherry are of medium size, painted in a dark green matte color. Form ─ oval, oblong-ovoid with notches around the edge. Petiole length does not exceed 1.2 cm of average thickness and has a specific color.
The leaf plate is folded in a boat along the main vein and has a pointed end ─ it is on this basis that this variety is recognized.
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At the base of the leaf, on the stem, there are 1-3 glands of dark red color. The inflorescence is collected from 5-7 flowers of saucer-shaped forms of average size. The split double top allows the petals to touch each other.
The snout and the anthers are located on the same level, supported by their bowl in the form of a glass of anthonian color, a pedicle 25 mm long.
This variety is characterized by typical fruiting bush cherries, which explains the fact that about 85% of the ovary is on annual branches.
Vladimir's cherry is a self-fruitful variety, high yields can be achieved if other trees are growing nearby.
To pick up pollinators need very carefully, good options would be Griot Moscow, Amorel Rose, Fertile Michurin, Lyubskaya, Lotovaya, Turgenevka, Vasilyevskaya, Consumer black.
Fruiting
In different regions, Vladimir cherry fruits differently. Its wintering area has a great influence here; this variety at low temperatures is prone to frosting of generative buds, which should give the main crop.
Variety refers to the middle, from flowering to picking berries passes 60-65 days. Crop usually harvested no later than mid-July. If to tighten this process, then the berries will begin to sprinkle themselves, because of a weak stalk.
A young tree begins to delight its fruits after a couple of years after planting. The average yield with a favorable climate of adult cherry is 25-30 kg of berries.
In the northern region, this figure is much lower ─ only 5 kg.
Advantages and disadvantages
The advantages of this class include:
- high-quality fruits that are quite versatile in use;
- relatively high yield;
- It does not require special care;
- the tree looks beautiful in the overall picture of the garden;
- good winter hardiness;
- tolerates transportation even over long distances.
But Vladimir's cherry has drawbacks:
- poor resistance to fungal diseases;
- low frost resistance of generative buds;
- need for other varieties for pollination.
But, wonderful taste of the fruit smooths out all the negative aspects.
Planting and care
Planting Vladimir varieties of cherry better to implement in autumn or spring. Gardeners are advised to do it in the spring, more likely that the tree will start and will develop properly.
Choosing a place
This sort of cherry feels great on hills or slopes. Hillocks of 8-15 degrees of curvature, well lit and protected from the wind, are ideal.
Also, it is necessary to take into account the location of the slope itself.The most favorable are considered northwest, west and southwest. The soil here warms up evenly and has no excessive moisture.
Northern slopes of the hill Do not give the cherry a proper portion of sunlight. Such a landing site will entail a significantly later ripening of fruits and a change in their taste.
Vladimirskaya cherry can be planted on lowland areasBut you should immediately prepare for the fact that development will be much slower. And the tree itself will often suffer from frosting in the winter.
This grade badly transfers lowlands and hollows. In such places there is a large accumulation of dampness and the airing is very bad. These factors negatively affect the development and fruiting of this sort of cherry.
Loam or black soil will be perfect. when choosing a soil for planting.
Planting a tree will take very little time:
- We dig a hole under a sapling up to 50 cm deep, and with a diameter of no more than 80 cm.
- We put a peg in the center.
- We lower the seedling next to the peg.
- Sprinkle the hole with soil mixed with humus.
- A little we tamp the ground to fill the voids between the roots.
The tree must be strictly vertically relative to the ground.. The seedling must be tied to a peg, the length of which should be slightly below the very first branch.
Around the hole it is necessary to form a small shaft and water the tree abundantly.
Before landing, be sure to check seedling rhizome. If it is very dry, which indicates long-term transportation, you should soak the roots in a container with water for at least 5 hours.
Care
Care for the Vladimir variety of cherry is regular pruning of the crown, the introduction of nutrients and preparing it for the winter.
In the spring Gardeners form the crown and remove all diseased branches. Summer pruning is done after harvest. Branches are removed that do not bear fruit, but only thickens the crown.
Cherry pruning:
Nutrients, such as manure, sawdust, compost contribute in the autumn.This is done to ensure that the tree has a good wintering season and is pleased with a good harvest.
Vladimirskaya cherry prepare for winter in the following way:
- cover the roots with straw or sawdust;
- bleach the trunk, in order to avoid the negative impact of sunlight and various pests.
Watering
For cherries recommended four times watering 4-6 buckets at a time:
- as soon as the tree began to blossom;
- when the ovary begins to develop;
- when harvested;
- in the third decade of October, before the frost.
It is not advisable to do this, as there is the likelihood of rot in the roots.
Features cherry varieties Vladimirskaya
This variety is universal, fruits are used for compotes, jam, freezing, canning, drying.
Vladimir cherry is very susceptible to fungal diseases and various pests.
Pest Protection
First of all, when pruning, remove all infected brancheswhich should then be burned.
After the first frost wood and trunk treated with 5% urea solutionthat will kill all the pests.
Reviews
Leonid, Kursk: “I have been growing this variety on my plot for more than ten years. No complaints.
Irina, Vladimir: “Vladimir cherry is a favorite variety of our family. Over the entire period of cultivation froze over a couple of times, but quickly recovered. "
Nikolay, Vyazniki: “The wonderful taste of the berries won our grandmother. In the country more than ten cherries of this variety. "
Cherry variety Vladimirsky:
Excellent yield, good taste of the fruit, unpretentiousness in the care allows to be Vladimir's cherry one of the most popular among the middle-line gardeners.