A detailed description of the variety of apples Aport

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Aport apples are known for their beautiful appearance and taste. Aport is the oldest variety that has spread throughout the world. In every corner of our planet they know about these apples. So is it worth talking about their survival rate? They grow in any climate and can withstand even severe frosts.. And the harvest of this variety is fascinating! Apples grow large, beautiful and incredibly tasty. If you decide to plant an apple tree of this variety on your site, then you definitely need to familiarize yourself with its characteristics.

Description of the variety and clones of apples Aport

A bit of history

Aport - this variety is considered to be one of the oldest varieties of apple trees, having fruits with an early winter ripening period. It has a long history of development, there is still no accurate data on its roots of origin. If you believe the data of pomologs, then this variety came from Ukraine. The first information about this apple is indicated in 1175. In the monastery chronicles of this time there were records about the description of apples of this variety, that this variety was brought from the city of Port (Ottoman Empire) to the Kingdom of Polandwhere he got accustomed well and after that received further wide distribution. In addition, there is reliable evidence that the apple of this variety in the 12th century were grown on the lands of Ukraine. There are still unconfirmed mentions that the variety comes from Turkey.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages include the following characteristics:

• Large size of ripe fruits, one ripe apple can weigh 500 grams. Not one variety of apples can not boast of such quality;

• High yield. Every year, up to 150 kilograms of apples are removed from a single tree;
• Excellent taste. Ripe fruits have a sweet taste and high juiciness.

• Due to its taste, this variety considered national wealth in many countries;
• Sort has varieties of cold-resistant trees. They tolerate severe frosts;
• Assembled the harvest has good storage. Apples are stored in the basement or cellar for several months, while they preserve the external and taste qualities for a long period;
• From apples you can make winter preparations;
• Long fruiting. The tree bears fruit for 40 years.

The disadvantages include the following qualities:

1. The original variety transfers frost in the southern regions of Russia. However, in the middle zone in the temperate zone the grade is badly taken root because of severe winters;
2. Irregular fruiting. Apple trees of this variety fructify in a year;
3. Unstable to diseases;
4. Fruiting occurs only at 7-8 year. after planting seedlings.

Characteristics of trees and fruits

Tree description

Aport trees have a number of external characteristics:

• Apple tree grows a large tree, its sizes larger than average. The diameter of the pillar is from 7 to 10 meters;
• Crohn sparse with a lot of ramifications;
• Tree shoots long with medium thickness. The color of the shoots is brown with a small amount of lentils;

• Branches have a strong structure, they depart from the trunk at a large angle;
• The shape of the leaves are round. The shade of foliage is dark green.

Apple description

The pride of this variety is high yield and ripe fruit. Apples have the following characteristics:

1. The fruits have a truncated conical shape big size;
2. Average the weight of ripe apples makes 250-270 grams;

3. The peel is medium thick. with a pleasant aroma, its surface is shiny;
4. Fruit shade green or yellow with a large number of red stripes;
5. Red blotches and the stripes have a blur, due to which they smoothly transform into each other;
6. Under the skin many small points;
7. Pulp It has a fine-grained structure with a pleasant aroma. It is white and green in color;

8. The taste of apples sweet with sour shades. After their use in the mouth there is a wine taste;
9. Apples can be used for making winter preparations.

In which regions are Almaty apples grown?

In Russia, Aport apples grow in the following regions:

• Central Chernozem;
• Serdnevolzhsky;
• Volgo-Vyatka;
• Northern;
• Northwest.

In addition to Russia, this variety is widely distributed in other CIS republics:

1. In Kazakhstan - in Almaty, Zhambyl, Kyzylorda, South Kazakhstan regions;
2. In Kyrgyzstan;
3. In Tajikistan;
4. In Uzbekistan.

Yield and storage

Aport refers to varieties with late autumn ripening. He does not have a high precocity. The first harvest can be obtained only at 7-8 year after planting seedlings. The duration of fruiting lasts an average of about 40 years. Apples begin to ripen by the end of September - the beginning of October. Crop storage lasts 2-4 months. Ripe apples should be stored in a cool place.

Landing rules

Due to the fact that Aport refers to winter varieties, its recommended to plant in the autumn. A suitable basis for planting is the soil, which includes the drained type loam.

The pit for planting with the nutrient mixture should be prepared 7 days before planting.During this period, the earth is well rammed.

Planting rules:

• Pit should be dug according to the size of the root system;
• Desirable at the bottom of the hole to fill the fertile mass of peat (22-25 kg), compost and humus (15-18 kg) and topsoil;
• After that, holding the tree by the trunk, the pit should be covered with soil. Wherein seedling need to shake occasionallyso that voids do not appear between the root branches;

• After planting around the tree do roller out of the ground, and plentifully fill with liquid until it ceases to be absorbed;
• Mandatory circle is necessary mulch with peat and humus.

Care rules

Watering

Watering should be done in hot weather in dry weather.. It is carried out once or twice a week. For a young tree, a few buckets are enough.Watering should be carried out around the perimeter of the trunk circle, and not under the trunk. In this area are located parts of the roots of the suction type.

Top dressing

Top dressing is done in spring and autumn. During this period, nitrogen-containing and mineral fertilizer mixtures should be applied. Fertilizer mixtures with a nitrogen content are applied until early September, but most importantly, no later than this period.. When using them, the apple tree begins to accelerate the growth of new shoots, which is not recommended in the autumn, because the plant will not have time to prepare for the upcoming winter period.

Fertilizer features:

1. For fertilizer foliar and basal view urea should be used. In the spring, around 500-600 grams of fertilizer should be sprinkled over the entire area of ​​the tree circle, but it is better to do this in wet weather;
2. Urea should be used during flowering. At this time, you need to dissolve 250-300 grams of fertilizer in a bucket of water and pour wood over it;
3. In the spring, it is useful to use ammonium nitrate (30-40 grams per large bucket) or 5 buckets of humus with 10 liters of water;
4. When flowering 5 liters of slurry are introduced, 1.5-2 liters of chicken droppings are poured in, and the composition is 100 grams of phosphate and 60-70 grams of potassium. These components dissolve in 10 liters of water;
5. After flowering Nitrophoska 500 grams, 10 grams of humate-sodium with a bucket of water is used. One plant needs 3 buckets;
6. In autumn, the plant needs a supply of useful components.which will protect the tree in winter. In one plant should be diluted in 10 liters of 30 grams of potassium, 60 grams of double superphosphate and 30 grams of calcium.

Pruning

The initial circumcision is done immediately after planting. Often, he cut off all the branches and cut the trunk, leaves its length up to 80 cm. After this, there is an increase in the growth of the apple tree, during which new shoots appear from the buds.

It is advisable to avoid excessive thickening of the crown. It is necessary to cut branches with intersections and close location. Mature trees require regular pruning.. Be sure to cut all the branches in a dry state, as well as the old, non-bearing, with lesions and injuries.

Rules protect the tree from diseases and pests

Often on the surface of tree trunks occurs fungus fungus. When it first appears while it is still soft, it can be removed with an ordinary garden knife. If it is large and has acquired a rigid structure, then it should be cut down with an ax. This should be done carefully so as not to damage the tree. The areas after felling are sprayed with a solution of copper sulphate; 100 grams should be added to a bucket of water. After processing, the place needs to be painted over with oil-based paint.

Protection against other diseases:

1. For preventive treatments A mixture of 700 grams of urea, 50 grams of copper sulphate and a bucket of water is used. Wood is poured on this solution;
2. Against Scab use a solution of wood ash. 250 grams of ash is poured into a small amount of hot water. The mixture is laid out in a bucket of water and stirred;
3. When scab appears, a solution consisting of urea is applied. 7-10%, 8 liters per plant. Hom helps - 40 grams per 10 liters of water. On one tree enough 2-4 liters. Copper sulfate - 100 grams per bucket of liquid. These mixtures need to process plants before flowering or before the start of fruit set;
4. With fruit rot Plants are treated with a mixture of 100 grams of colloidal sulfur and 10 liters of water or 50-100 grams of Karbofos suspension per 10 liters of water.
5. To get rid of aphids 0.3% solution of entobacterin is treated (30 g per 10 l). Codling moths are treated with carbofos (30 g per 10 l of water) and chlorophos (20 g per 10 l). About 5-7 treatments are done, starting from the beginning of June every 14 days. Complete the processing for 20 days before harvest.

Variety Aport is a variety of apple trees that has good characteristics. Mature fruits have not only large size and beautiful appearance, but also excellent taste. Although growing apple trees takes a lot of work, but it is worth it.