Every year landscape design becomes more popular. Now gardeners pay attention not only to the productive and useful qualities of plants, but also to decorative. This characteristic has a barberry Ottawawhich is equally attractive as a solitary plant and in combined plantings.
Table of contents
General characteristics of the barberry Ottawa
The type of barberry Ottawa arose as a result of the crossing of the barberry of Thunberg and the barberry of ordinary in the city of Ottawa (Canada).In culture since 1889. The natural habitat of the ravines, estuaries and forests of North America.
In domestic gardening, this type of barberry is known for several varieties.:
- "Superba" ("Superba"). It is a shrub 2.5-3m high. The leaves have dark red and purple hues with a bluish tint.
- "Aurikoma" ("Aurikoma"). Forms a compact shrub from 1.8 to 2.2 m. Large leaves when blooming have a dark red shade, closer to the autumn they become light red or orange.
- “Purpurea” (“Purpurea”). Well-branched shrub in height from 1.5 to 2 m. The leaves at the beginning of the season are purple-red, in the autumn they get a coral shade.
- Silver miles. Spreading shrub height from 2 to 2.5 m. Leaves burgundy-purple color with a silver tint.
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- Barberry Ottawa Auricom
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- Barberry Ottawa Purpurea
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- Barberry Ottawa Silver Miles
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- Barberry Ottawa Superba
All varieties of barberry species Ottawa are grown mainly for decorative purposes. Full ornamental shrubs reach through 6-8 years after landing. Flowering bushes begins in mid-May and lasts up to 20 days. The flowers are small, yellow-red.
For fruiting shrubs requires insect pollination.The flowers of the plant are distinguished by high honey productivity (100 kg / 1 ha).
Shrubs begin to bear fruit 5-6 years after planting. Depending on the variety, fruiting begins in mid-August and early September. Average yield per adult bush 10-13 kg fruits. Saturated red fruits are able to hold out on a bush until December. The lifespan of shrubs up to 50 years. With proper care, plant productivity is maintained until 35-40 years old.
The advantage of the barberry of Ottawa is a high growth rate, the increments of annual shoots reach up to 35 cm. For the culture, 4 frost resistance zones (USDA) are defined. It means that plants can withstand temperatures as low as 35 ° С. Therefore, shrubs can be planted in the southern and middle regions of gardening, and with proper shelter in the Urals.
The disadvantage of this type is the average winter hardiness, which, depending on the variety, has I-II points. This means that annual shoots can be completely or partially freeze out of plants.
Planting barberry Ottawa
The best option for the initial planting of the barberry in the garden is to purchase a two to three year old seedling. It is better to buy planting material in specialized nurseries that breed varietal plants. In addition, in the nursery there is often an opportunity to assess the external characteristics of an adult plant visually. Seedling quality indicator - root length, at least 20-25 cm no traces of rot and mechanical damage.
For the landing of the barberry Ottawa should choose the most illuminated areas, protected from the piercing northern winds. The plant will develop well in the penumbra, but the decorative leaves will be reduced.
Unpretentious to the composition of the soil, the barberry is sensitive to excessive moisture. Therefore, groundwater in the area should lie no higher than 2 meters. Otherwise, you need to lay a solid drainage layer.
A month before planting, the site needs to be dug up to a depth of 30 cm, to remove the roots of weeds. In this case, based on 1m2 contribute:
- potassium salt 10 g;
- superphosphate 20 g;
- 10 kg manure or compost;
- lime 0.5 kg (with high acidity).
The distance between the bushes depends on the purpose of landing. During the formation of a dense hedge on a plot of length 1m planted on 4 seedlings, with more sparse 2. When the barberry is considered as a plant-soliter, it is planted at a distance of 1-2 meters from other cultures.
After selecting the landing site form pits 40x40. At the bottom of the pit lay out the top layer of fertile land and apply fertilizer: manure or compost 30 kg, potassium salt 40 g (wood ash 300g). Fertilizers are evenly mixed with the soil and poured abundantly with water.
In the middle of the pit have a sapling. It is important to ensure that the root neck is not buried. In view of the shrinkage, it is left on 3-4 cm above ground level. The roots of barberry sprinkle with fertile soil, preventing the formation of voids and unnatural bends. Soil compacted and watered with 10 liters of warm water. Pristvolny circle mulch humus or peat.
Basics of care for the bar of Ottawa
Barberry Ottawa is not demanding care. Considerable gardener's time can be taken only by annual pruning to form a decorative crown.
The first dressing after planting shrubs do spring next year. To stimulate the growth of shoots make an aqueous solution of urea (30g / 10l). The rate of fertilizer 10 liters per 1 m2 wheel circle. Subsequently, nitrogen is fed only once every 4 years.
For planting flower buds and normal aging of the shoots, the plant before flowering and after being fed with organic. To do this, 1 kg of well-rotted manure or humus pour 3 liters of water, insist 3 days and filter. One liter of infusion is diluted in 3 liters of water and poured under a bush.In order to strengthen the barberry, in the autumn, 15 g of superphosphate and 10 g of potassium sulfate are added to the tree circle.
After each feeding and once a week in dry weather the barberry is watered. Norm for one bush 5-10 l. After watering, adjust the layer of mulch. Water recharge irrigation (20 l) is carried out in a dry autumn 2 weeks before frosts.
In the first years of life, the barberry Ottawa requires careful shelter for the winter. To do this, a layer of mulch is increased to 10 cm, the branches of a bush are tightened with a soft rope, a cap of burlap or other covering material is covered on top. Additionally, the plant is covered with spruce branches, and in winter they pull snow.
Shrub trimming
Barberry Ottawa refers to the ornamental deciduous shrubs, to maintain the beauty of which requires annual pruning. This is done to stimulate the active growth of young shoots, which differ in leaves of maximum decorative. The second goal of pruning is sanitary, it is needed to remove excess load from the shrub, prevent the development of diseases and pest damage.
In the autumn they carry out sanitary pruning.. The procedure is carried out when the shrub begins to enter rest, at least 2 weeks before the first frost. Depending on the regional climate, trimming times may begin at the end of September and last until the end of November.
It includes removal:
- old and withered branches;
- areas affected by pests or rot;
- unnaturally intertwining branches;
- shoots growing inside the crown.
The cuts are made only by the circular flow or above the kidney with sharp and decontaminated garden shears. Large wounds should be treated with garden pitch. After the procedure, all plant debris, mummified fruits and fallen leaves are disposed of..
Barberry Ottawa perfectly forms the crown in a natural way. This is facilitated by thin branches growing vertically upwards at an acute angle. Therefore, with single landings, you can do only sanitary pruning.
For plants intended for the formation of hedges, need regular cutting. In the second year after planting, the barberry shoots are shortened by 1/3 or 1/2. This will stimulate the tillering of plants.Flowering barberry occurs on the growth of the past year. Therefore, so that the shoots with flower buds have had time to grow, the procedure is carried out immediately after the flowering of the shrub.
In the same way, the barberries continue to cut in subsequent years, until the crowns of neighboring shrubs do not close. After that, the lateral and upper growths are shortened twice a season. Thus, flat faces of hedgerows with a thicker lower part are formed.
Diseases and pests
The vegetative mass of the bar of Ottawa contains a large number of volatile production, which makes it resistant to many pests and diseases. The defeat of pathogenic microorganisms and insects of the barberry Ottawa most often occurs during a massive epidemic in the backyard or a violation of the agricultural technology of the plant (waterlogging, crown thickening).
Pests
The most often the barberry Ottawa hit aphids and moths. Since autumn, both insects lay eggs capable of hibernation, from which larvae and caterpillars appear in spring. Their activity on young leaves and shoots leads to a loss of ornamental and productive shrubs. Therefore, the fight against them must begin immediately upon detection.
In case of massive lesions in the barberry, the treatment is carried out with insecticidal preparations.:
- Corbofos;
- Actellic;
- Confidor;
- Bankol.
The procedure is carried out according to the instructions for each drug.
If the insect population does not exceed the permissible threshold, it can be limited to washing the shrub with the soap-and-soap solution. For that ash (400 g) pour water (5 l) and boil 30 minutes. Broth is filtered, brought up to the volume of 10 l and add 50 g of a laundry soap.
For the prevention of the appearance of pests during the autumn works the shrubs are sprayed with fungicides. To do this, 500 g of urea is diluted in 10 liters of water. The solution is sprayed with shrubs. This is a universal remedy that additionally destroys the spores of fungi.
Diseases
The weak side of the bar of Ottawa - fungal diseases: powdery mildew and rust. Most often leaves suffer from them, less often shoots and fruits are affected.
Rust can be seen on the swelling of the leaves and the formation of a powdery dark coating on their surface. When powdery mildew on the leaves appears white bloom, which gradually forms a liquid in the form of small droplets.
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- The leaves of the barberry Ottawa affected by rust
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- Mealy dew on the leaves of barberry
To combat diseases, fungicides in the form of finished products or active substances are used to prepare a solution.:
- Topaz;
- Vectra;
- Fundazole;
- copper sulphate;
- colloidal sulfur;
- Bordeaux mixture.
Drugs are used according to the instructions. Depending on the lesion will have to spend from 4 before 6 treatments to cure shrubs. In case of severe injuries, sanitary pruning of problem areas is carried out with subsequent disposal of waste.
Reviews
Natalia, Voronezh. Our site is quite extensive, and most of it is occupied by a spacious lawn.On the advice of friends, they decided to plant barberries there. Very liked the barberry variety of Ottawa "Superba". They planted in the fall, there were fears that it would not take root. However, 2 years have passed, the bush is already more than a meter long and does not bring any problems yet.
Valentina, Saratov. A few years ago we decided to insulate the perimeter of the site with a hedge. We picked up plants for a long time, wanted to achieve beauty and functionality. Chose the bar of Ottawa, planted tightly and each year several times sheared. I want to say that out of several dozen plants, I have not taken root only one shrub. The rest evolved well. Now it is almost two-meter plants that are transformed every season.
Diana, Pskov. Five years ago, I first met the bar of Ottawa during a trip to a sanatorium. I was impressed by the beauty of the leaves and fruits, and when I found out about the beneficial properties, I decided to plant it on my site. 5 years have passed since then. Low seedlings turned into magnificent bushes, which annually make me happy with beautiful and useful fruits. I cook compotes, jams and preserves, add to herbal teas and tea.
The attractiveness of the cultivation of the bar of Ottawa is not only a high ornamental plants. All parts of shrubs have healing properties and are widely used in traditional medicine.. From the fruits of barberry brewed compotes, jams and jams, which are able to diversify any diet with their extraordinary taste.