Proper care, pruning and dressing raspberry autumn
 Raspberry care in the fall

So that each year the remontant raspberry will rejoice in the harvest, it needs good care and timely pruning. During the fruiting period, the plant loses nutrients. Top dressing in the fall should be included in the list of mandatory activities.

Rules for the care of raspberries in the fall

Autumn care involves stages. Embarking on them after harvest. It:

  • fertilization
  • pest control
  • pruning and pruning shoots and branches
  • soil mulching
  • garter and winter bend

Fertilizers are needed so that the plant replenishes the necessary nutrients before winter. With the help of pruning and pruning get rid of insect pests of plants and fungus, settled on the upper parts and leaves of the plant. The main thing then remove cut branches and foliage and burn. It is also possible to carry out spraying from insects.

Cut branches and foliage to burn. Raspberry ash is a good fertilizer for the bushes.

Pruning removes old unwanted shoots, limit the height of a mature plant. It is important to monitor the growth of bushes. The distance between them is 60 -70 cm and a half meters between the rows. Plants should receive a lot of lightto give a good harvest.

When mulching the soil is covered with straw, peat, sawdust, foliage. You can use the purchased material. It helps retain moisture in the soil and regulates air and water regimes.

 Mulching raspberries allows you to retain moisture in the soil
Mulching raspberries allows you to retain moisture in the soil

Garter and bending down helps the plant survive the winter cold. The bushes are tied up in bunches and bend down so that the snow that falls out covers them and they do not freeze.

Autumn pruning shrubs

An important autumn event is pruning raspberries. it increase yields next season.

Firstly, it is necessary to cut unnecessary shoots, to form neat bushes. Then in the winter the plant will not spend strength on the maintenance of vital activity in the extra stems.

Secondly, pruning helps combat insect pests. Raspberry and fungus pests usually accumulate at the top of raspberry stalks and leaves, and pruning will help to cope with them.

Fallen leaves and cut branches should remove from the site. This will help get rid of the pathogenic microorganisms developing in them, which, after overwhelming, can ruin the whole raspberry tree in spring.

On the bush is recommended to leave any nine shoots. This is the amount for which the plant has enough nutrients. Pruning recommended to do before frost, in October.

Autumn cut:

  • shoots escaped
  • branches with pests, fungus, old
  • sprouts will not survive the winter
  • broken branches
  • useless shoots that thicken the bush
 Pruning raspberry shoots thickening the bush
Pruning raspberry shoots thickening the bush

Gardeners apply several types of pruning. The main, often used, are three:

  • regular pruning
  • double pruning
  • trimming for shortening

Ordinary

Normal pruning - remove 70 percent shoots. Perhaps complete removal of the stem. Depends on the variety. If the variety has good vegetation, the bush is cut off entirely. By next summer he will reach one meter in height. If growth is slow, then pruning is done by 50 - 70 percent.

Double

Also called pruning by Sobolev. The first pruning is done when the branches of the same age reach 70-100 cm in height. By the time this is the end of May - the beginning of June.

Cut off the top on 10 - 15 cm. This leads to an increase in lateral branches. By the fall they grow by 50 cm. Berry will grow on them next season. The main thing is not to be late in time, so that new shoots do not die before winter. The second pruning is done next spring, when the leaves grow. The lateral shoots cut off the tops of 15 cm.

The buds begin to develop and before the start of fruiting the bush is covered with a lot of twigs with berry ovaries.

If everything is done correctly, then:

  • the duration of fruiting raspberries
  • the bush produces more flower buds
  • yield will increase in summer

To shorten

Trimming for shortening is done simply. Bush cut off at the root. This method is for varieties that do not give a large crop, with a low degree of vegetation. This accelerates the growth of two-year shoots, which increases the yield. In addition, using this method you can fight pests by removing them from the beds along with cut off shoots.

When doing pruning you need to remember some rules.

  1. Cut branches are immediately cleaned and burned to avoid the reproduction of pests.
  2. New branches leave as much as they cut off the old ones.
  3. The wider the shoots grow, the better.

Top dressing of raspberry fertilizers in the fall for a good harvest

Autumn feeding very important for future yields. By the end of the summer season, raspberries draw nutrients from the ground. That she wintered and prepared for the new season, it needs to be fed.

 Autumn raspberry feeding is very important for future yields.
Autumn raspberry feeding is very important for future yields.

If you do not replenish the composition of the soil, then next year the growth of raspberries and fruiting will worsen. Therefore, it is necessary to feed in the fall. There are several processing methods. Via:

  • chicken manure or manure
  • potash fertilizer
  • nitrogen and urea
  • peat and sideratov
The shortage of an element can be determined by the type of plant.
  1. If the raspberry is not enough phosphorus, it will have small leaves and thin stems.
  2. The appearance of yellow leaves with green veins will tell about the lack gland.
  3. The leaves grow slowly and turn yellow, ranging from the center to the edges, this indicates a lack of magnesium.
  4. If raspberries have small yellow leaves that no longer grow - the plant does not have enough nitrogen.
  5. Leaves darken and shoots begin to form quickly - an excess of nitrogen.
  6. The edges of the leaves are brown, as if "burnt" - the plant is not enough potassium.
 Yellow leaves of raspberry with green veins speak of iron deficiency.
Yellow leaves of raspberry with green veins speak of iron deficiency.

Chicken litter

Chicken dung effective fertilizer. Composed of nitrogen, potassium, calcium, phosphoric acid, magnesium, zinc, sulfur and boron. After two weeks of use, you can see a positive result.

Litter is a highly concentrated fertilizer. In its pure form does not apply. Only as a solution or as part of a compost.

First the fertilizer should rest in bedso that poisonous ammonia goes out of it. Then the litter is diluted in water in a ratio of 1:30 and the bushes are watered with a solution. Fertilize shrub droppings need in the fall.By the beginning of the cold, the fertilizer will pereperet and begin to supply the plants with the necessary substances. Raspberry perezimuet and spring will actively go to growth.

Also, this fertilizer can be applied as part of the compost. Chicken droppings, weeds, foliage, and peat are placed in the compost pile. The finished compost is brought under the root in the fall. On 1 square. m must be made 10 kg. The most important thing in the use of litter is to properly maintain the proportions so as not to destroy the whole raspberries.

 When feeding raspberries with chicken manure, it is very important to keep proportions
When feeding raspberries with chicken manure, it is very important to keep proportions

How to feed with mineral fertilizers

Fertilizing raspberries before winter with potash fertilizers is very important. After all, potassium improves plant frost resistance.

Have gardeners well established monophosphate. It contains 52% phosphorus and 34% potassium. This fertilizer dissolves well in water and is completely absorbed by plants. It must be placed in the layer of soil under the roots at the rate of 40 grams per bush.

Another good potassium based fertilizer is potassium magnesia. In its composition is magnesium. Also make a root. The dose is 80 grams per plant.

A great recipe for mineral fertilizing raspberries. In a bucket of water is diluted:

  • 60 grams of superphosphate
  • 40 grams of potassium salt
  • 30 grams of saltpeter

Mix thoroughly and bring in raspberry. Instead of salt, you can take wood ash.

About raspberry fertilizer nitrogen in the fall, gardeners had the impression that to do this not worth it. The best time for nitrogen-containing fertilizers is spring. Nitrogen provokes strong growth and development of new branches. This will lead to their freezing, they will not have time to prepare for winter.

Peat necessary to improve the quality of the soil. It makes the soil friable, and the roots of the plants get more oxygen. Peat is recommended to be used as mulch and as part of ready-made composts.

In late summer, it is recommended in the raspberry inter-row plant plants - siderats. It:

  • rye
  • mustard
  • oats
  • lupine
  • alfalfa

After planting and full ripening, they will be feeding on raspberries. After harvesting them mowed and then dug up along with the ground. By spring, the mass will rot and will serve as a source of trace elements for garden culture.

To fertilizer brought only benefit plant roots need to be covered. Cover with peat, sawdust and mowed grass.

Cooking raspberries for winter

Preparing for winter also involves mulching with peat, foliage,straw to regulate the circulation of air and moisture in the upper soil layer.

The layer of applied mulch should be from 5 to 10 cm. If it is less, there may be soil freezing and plant death, if it is more, it can cause a fungal disease, which will lower the immunity of raspberries.

Especially mulching is necessary in regions with severe frosts. Before starting, it is necessary to water the bushes well so that the plant does not go away in the winter with an over-dried root system.

 Raspberry bushes after pre-winter bending down
Raspberry bushes after pre-winter bending down

The next stage of preparation involves bending down. Bushes are tied up in bunches and bent to the ground. This is done so that in winter they become completely covered with snow. The beams are fixed on the ground with the help of arcs, or tied to each other. Height needed no more than 40 cm from the ground.

If the climate is harsh, then you can cover the plants with non-woven material.

In winter, ice cover should not be allowed to cover the material. It is broken to let the air pass. The ideal time for this work is the period. after leaf fallbefore snowfall.

Like all garden plants, raspberries need regular care. Autumn is a crucial period. Malinnik must be prepared for winter.Cut the branches, fertilize the soil, mulch, bend and cover the plants. The future harvest will depend on the effectiveness of the autumn works.

If you follow simple rules that are understandable even to a novice gardener, spend a little time and effort, then the raspberries will safely winter and spring up with new forces in growth.